Documentation

Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Subobject.MonoOver

Monomorphisms over a fixed object #

As preparation for defining Subobject X, we set up the theory for MonoOver X := { f : Over X // Mono f.hom}.

Here MonoOver X is a thin category (a pair of objects has at most one morphism between them), so we can think of it as a preorder. However as it is not skeletal, it is not yet a partial order.

Subobject X will be defined as the skeletalization of MonoOver X.

We provide

and prove their basic properties and relationships.

Notes #

This development originally appeared in Bhavik Mehta's "Topos theory for Lean" repository, and was ported to mathlib by Kim Morrison.

@[reducible, inline]

The object property in Over X of the structure morphism being a monomorphism.

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      @[reducible, inline]
      abbrev CategoryTheory.MonoOver {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] (X : C) :
      Type (max u₁ v₁)

      The category of monomorphisms into X as a full subcategory of the over category. This isn't skeletal, so it's not a partial order.

      Later we define Subobject X as the quotient of this by isomorphisms.

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          def CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X A : C} (f : A X) [hf : Mono f] :

          Construct a MonoOver X.

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              theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk_obj {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X A : C} (f : A X) [hf : Mono f] :
              (mk f).obj = Over.mk f
              @[deprecated CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk (since := "2025-12-18")]
              def CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk' {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X A : C} (f : A X) [hf : Mono f] :

              Alias of CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk.


              Construct a MonoOver X.

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                  @[reducible, inline]

                  The inclusion from monomorphisms over X to morphisms over X.

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                      @[simp]
                      theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk_coe {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X A : C} (f : A X) [Mono f] :
                      (mk f).obj.left = A
                      @[deprecated CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk_coe (since := "2025-12-18")]
                      theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk'_coe' {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X A : C} (f : A X) [Mono f] :
                      (mk f).obj.left = A

                      Alias of CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk_coe.

                      @[reducible, inline]
                      abbrev CategoryTheory.MonoOver.arrow {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X : C} (f : MonoOver X) :

                      Convenience notation for the underlying arrow of a monomorphism over X.

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                          theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk_arrow {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X A : C} (f : A X) [Mono f] :
                          (mk f).arrow = f
                          @[deprecated CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk_arrow (since := "2025-12-18")]
                          theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk'_arrow {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X A : C} (f : A X) [Mono f] :
                          (mk f).arrow = f

                          Alias of CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mk_arrow.

                          The forget functor MonoOver X ⥤ Over X is fully faithful.

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                              The category of monomorphisms over X is a thin category, which makes defining its skeleton easy.

                              @[reducible, inline]
                              abbrev CategoryTheory.MonoOver.homMk {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X : C} {f g : MonoOver X} (h : f.obj.left g.obj.left) (w : CategoryStruct.comp h g.arrow = f.arrow := by aesop_cat) :
                              f g

                              Convenience constructor for a morphism in monomorphisms over X.

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                                  def CategoryTheory.MonoOver.isoMk {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X : C} {f g : MonoOver X} (h : f.obj.left g.obj.left) (w : CategoryStruct.comp h.hom g.arrow = f.arrow := by cat_disch) :
                                  f g

                                  Convenience constructor for an isomorphism in monomorphisms over X.

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                                      theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.isoMk_inv {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X : C} {f g : MonoOver X} (h : f.obj.left g.obj.left) (w : CategoryStruct.comp h.hom g.arrow = f.arrow := by cat_disch) :
                                      (isoMk h w).inv = homMk h.inv
                                      @[simp]
                                      theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.isoMk_hom {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X : C} {f g : MonoOver X} (h : f.obj.left g.obj.left) (w : CategoryStruct.comp h.hom g.arrow = f.arrow := by cat_disch) :
                                      (isoMk h w).hom = homMk h.hom w

                                      If f : MonoOver X, then mk' f.arrow is of course just f, but not definitionally, so we package it as an isomorphism.

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                                          @[deprecated CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mkArrowIso (since := "2025-12-18")]

                                          Alias of CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mkArrowIso.


                                          If f : MonoOver X, then mk' f.arrow is of course just f, but not definitionally, so we package it as an isomorphism.

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                                              @[deprecated CategoryTheory.MonoOver.isIso_iff_isIso_hom_left (since := "2025-12-18")]

                                              Alias of CategoryTheory.MonoOver.isIso_iff_isIso_hom_left.

                                              def CategoryTheory.MonoOver.lift {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X : C} {D : Type u₂} [Category.{v₂, u₂} D] {Y : D} (F : Functor (Over Y) (Over X)) (h : ∀ (f : MonoOver Y), Mono (F.obj ((forget Y).obj f)).hom) :

                                              Lift a functor between over categories to a functor between MonoOver categories, given suitable evidence that morphisms are taken to monomorphisms.

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                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.lift_obj_obj {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X : C} {D : Type u₂} [Category.{v₂, u₂} D] {Y : D} (F : Functor (Over Y) (Over X)) (h : ∀ (f : MonoOver Y), Mono (F.obj ((forget Y).obj f)).hom) (X✝ : MonoOver Y) :
                                                  ((lift F h).obj X✝).obj = F.obj X✝.obj
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                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.lift_map_hom {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X : C} {D : Type u₂} [Category.{v₂, u₂} D] {Y : D} (F : Functor (Over Y) (Over X)) (h : ∀ (f : MonoOver Y), Mono (F.obj ((forget Y).obj f)).hom) {X✝ Y✝ : MonoOver Y} (f : X✝ Y✝) :
                                                  ((lift F h).map f).hom = F.map f.hom
                                                  def CategoryTheory.MonoOver.liftIso {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X : C} {D : Type u₂} [Category.{v₂, u₂} D] {Y : D} {F₁ F₂ : Functor (Over Y) (Over X)} (h₁ : ∀ (f : MonoOver Y), Mono (F₁.obj ((forget Y).obj f)).hom) (h₂ : ∀ (f : MonoOver Y), Mono (F₂.obj ((forget Y).obj f)).hom) (i : F₁ F₂) :
                                                  lift F₁ h₁ lift F₂ h₂

                                                  Isomorphic functors Over Y ⥤ Over X lift to isomorphic functors MonoOver Y ⥤ MonoOver X.

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                                                      def CategoryTheory.MonoOver.liftComp {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {D : Type u₂} [Category.{v₂, u₂} D] {X Z : C} {Y : D} (F : Functor (Over X) (Over Y)) (G : Functor (Over Y) (Over Z)) (h₁ : ∀ (f : MonoOver X), Mono (F.obj ((forget X).obj f)).hom) (h₂ : ∀ (f : MonoOver Y), Mono (G.obj ((forget Y).obj f)).hom) :
                                                      (lift F h₁).comp (lift G h₂) lift (F.comp G)

                                                      MonoOver.lift commutes with composition of functors.

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                                                          MonoOver.lift preserves the identity functor.

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                                                              theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.lift_comm {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X Y : C} (F : Functor (Over Y) (Over X)) (h : ∀ (f : MonoOver Y), Mono (F.obj ((forget Y).obj f)).hom) :
                                                              (lift F h).comp (forget X) = (forget Y).comp F
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                                                              theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.lift_obj_arrow {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X : C} {D : Type u₂} [Category.{v₂, u₂} D] {Y : D} (F : Functor (Over Y) (Over X)) (h : ∀ (f : MonoOver Y), Mono (F.obj ((forget Y).obj f)).hom) (f : MonoOver Y) :
                                                              ((lift F h).obj f).arrow = (F.obj ((forget Y).obj f)).hom
                                                              def CategoryTheory.MonoOver.slice {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {A : C} {f : Over A} (h₁ : ∀ (g : MonoOver f), Mono (f.iteratedSliceEquiv.functor.obj ((forget f).obj g)).hom) (h₂ : ∀ (g : MonoOver f.left), Mono (f.iteratedSliceEquiv.inverse.obj ((forget f.left).obj g)).hom) :

                                                              Monomorphisms over an object f : Over A in an over category are equivalent to monomorphisms over the source of f.

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                                                                  A helper function, providing the strong epi-mono factorization used construct to colimits.

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                                                                      If a category C has strong epi-mono factorization, for any Y : C and functor F : J ⥤ MonoOver Y, there is a cocone under F.

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                                                                          A helper function, providing the lift structure used to construct colimits.

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                                                                              When C has pullbacks, a morphism f : X ⟶ Y induces a functor MonoOver Y ⥤ MonoOver X, by pulling back a monomorphism along f.

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                                                                                  pullback commutes with composition (up to a natural isomorphism)

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                                                                                      pullback preserves the identity (up to a natural isomorphism)

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                                                                                          def CategoryTheory.MonoOver.pullbackObjIsoOfIsPullback {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] [Limits.HasPullbacks C] {X Y : C} (f : Y X) (S : MonoOver X) (T : MonoOver Y) (f' : T.obj.left S.obj.left) (h : IsPullback f' T.arrow S.arrow f) :
                                                                                          (pullback f).obj S T

                                                                                          Given two monomorphisms S and T over X and Y and two morphisms f and f' between them forming the following pullback square:

                                                                                          (T : C) -f'-> (S : C)
                                                                                             |             |
                                                                                          T.arrow       S.arrow
                                                                                             |             |
                                                                                             v             v
                                                                                             Y -----f----> X
                                                                                          

                                                                                          we get an isomorphism between T and the pullback of S along f through the pullback functor.

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                                                                                              def CategoryTheory.MonoOver.map {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X Y : C} (f : X Y) [Mono f] :

                                                                                              We can map monomorphisms over X to monomorphisms over Y by post-composition with a monomorphism f : X ⟶ Y.

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                                                                                                  def CategoryTheory.MonoOver.mapComp {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X Y Z : C} (f : X Y) (g : Y Z) [Mono f] [Mono g] :

                                                                                                  MonoOver.map commutes with composition (up to a natural isomorphism).

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                                                                                                      MonoOver.map preserves the identity (up to a natural isomorphism).

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                                                                                                          theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.map_obj_left {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X Y : C} (f : X Y) [Mono f] (g : MonoOver X) :
                                                                                                          ((map f).obj g).obj.left = g.obj.left
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                                                                                                          theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.map_obj_arrow {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X Y : C} (f : X Y) [Mono f] (g : MonoOver X) :
                                                                                                          instance CategoryTheory.MonoOver.full_map {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X Y : C} (f : X Y) [Mono f] :
                                                                                                          (map f).Full

                                                                                                          Isomorphic objects have equivalent MonoOver categories.

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                                                                                                              An equivalence of categories e between C and D induces an equivalence between MonoOver X and MonoOver (e.functor.obj X) whenever X is an object of C.

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                                                                                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.congr_unitIso {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] (X : C) {D : Type u₂} [Category.{v₂, u₂} D] (e : C D) :
                                                                                                                  (congr X e).unitIso = NatIso.ofComponents (fun (Y : MonoOver X) => isoMk (e.unitIso.app Y.obj.left) )
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                                                                                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.congr_counitIso {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] (X : C) {D : Type u₂} [Category.{v₂, u₂} D] (e : C D) :
                                                                                                                  (congr X e).counitIso = NatIso.ofComponents (fun (Y : MonoOver (e.functor.obj X)) => isoMk (e.counitIso.app Y.obj.left) )

                                                                                                                  map f is left adjoint to pullback f when f is a monomorphism

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                                                                                                                      MonoOver.map f followed by MonoOver.pullback f is the identity.

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                                                                                                                          The MonoOver Y for the image inclusion for a morphism f : X ⟶ Y.

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                                                                                                                              Taking the image of a morphism gives a functor Over X ⥤ MonoOver X.

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                                                                                                                                  theorem CategoryTheory.MonoOver.image_map {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁, u₁} C] {X : C} [Limits.HasImages C] {f g : Over X} (k : f g) :

                                                                                                                                  MonoOver.image : Over X ⥤ MonoOver X is left adjoint to MonoOver.forget : MonoOver X ⥤ Over X

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                                                                                                                                      Forgetting that a monomorphism over X is a monomorphism, then taking its image, is the identity functor.

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                                                                                                                                          In the case where f is not a monomorphism but C has images, we can still take the "forward map" under it, which agrees with MonoOver.map f.

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                                                                                                                                              When f : X ⟶ Y is a monomorphism, exists f agrees with map f.

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                                                                                                                                                  exists is adjoint to pullback when images exist

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